Análise microbiológica e físico-química de águas consumidas por comunidades ribeirinhas no interior do Amazonas

Abstract

The Amazon has the largest hydrographic basin in the world, configuring an expressive reserve of fresh water, however this abundance contrasts significantly with the sanitation indicators of the riverside populations, since the quality of the water supply in the most distant locations of the Amazonian municipalities may not be within the acceptable parameters of national and international legislation. This condition is mainly associated with logistics and infrastructure. With this, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters of the water consumed by the inhabitants of the riverside communities of the Amazon region, Nossa Senhora do Livramento on the Costa do Jussara on the Solimões and Araparí rivers on the Coari lake and to develop an application for cell phone that provides data along with other relevant information on the subject, serving as an informational tool. The work was divided into two stages, the first consisted of laboratory analysis of the water, mainly the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters according to Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater of the American Public Health Association and the International Standartization Organization and the second understood in the elaboration of the application using the SQLite language for Android operating system. The evaluation of hydrosanitary conditions was analyzed based on the legal standards accepted for drinking water for human consumption, based on Consolidation Ordinance No. 5, Annex XX, of the Ministry of Health (BRASIL, 2017). According to the data obtained from the Araparí and Nossa Senhora do Livramento communities in Costa do Jussara, it was found that the color, pH and turbidity parameters are not in accordance with the maximum values allowed for human consumption. As for the microbiological analyzes, the samples showed contamination by thermotolerant and total coliforms, being, therefore, inappropriate for human consumption. Therefore, an environmental sanitation policy is shown to be necessary for riverside communities, through which they have the possibility of access to drinking water and, consequently, a better quality of life.