Projeção geopolítica frente ao avanço de fontes não convencionais americanas

Abstract

Revolutionizing the traditional oil market for its gigantic reserves of unconventional energy – considered to be the most important elements for the current push of the Big Oil– the United States of American was declared as the “new Saudi Arabia” in the 21st century. At the root of this process is the technology that can bring about changes in the global energy scenario: fracking and horizontal drilling. Only with the maturation and fusion of these two techniques has it been possible to extract gas and oil from oil shale deposits. By maintaining the increased production of shale oil and gas, oil geopolitics would suffer from the serious impacts. There would be oscillations in the strategic weight of traditional territories and in their commercial relations linked to the oil industry. Seeking to initiate a discussion platform and global geopolitical scenarios in the sector, a survey and analysis of studies and research on oil and gas are being developed on these new icons of the geopolitics of petroleum, as well as recent political and economic events which may directly affect the oil industry. As the major developments result from the rise of unconventional sources, the end of the War of Saudi Arabia and OPEC prices, the resurgence of the United States oil industry, the reopenin of the natural gas trade to Europe, deterioration of the Venezuelan economy, and the consumer market dispute between non-conventional sources and the Brazilian pre-salt.