Composição química e atividades biológicas dos óleos essenciais das folhas de variedades de Psidium guajava

Abstract

Guava (Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae) includes many applications, important biological activities associated with methods used in plants, being the most prominent essential oil in its leaves. As leaves of two varieties of red and white Psidium guajava were collected in different locations of Itacoatiara - AM, their samples were prepared and deposited in the herbarium of the State University of Amazonas - UEA and their leaves subjected to anatomical description of their own secretors. and histochemical characterization. The essential oils from the aerial parts of these genotypes were extracted by hydrodistillation in Clevenger type apparatus for 4 hours. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) allowed the identification of 43 compounds in red (PGV) and 35 in white (PGB). Among these compounds, Limonene, caryophyllene, and 1,8-cineol are of recognized biological activity in the literature. The Elisa plate microdilution technique was used to verify the antimicrobial activity of the oils, using LB for bacteria and YPD for fungi. PGV oils were effective against Salmonella and S. aureus bacteria, at a minimum concentration of 25μL / mL and PGB under E. coli, with a minimum concentration of 50μL / mL, however, both varieties were not effective in all tested fungi.