Tendências climáticas e ilhas de calor urbanas em Coari-AM

Abstract

The objective of this research is to analyze climate trends and the formation of urban heat islands in the city of Coari from the conception of the urban climate system (U.C.S.). We started from the theoretical framework of the U.C.S. and the study design included data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) of maximum and minimum temperature and rainfall from 1970 to 2015 and air temperature data collected in the city through the mobile transects technique in 2019. Descriptive statistics techniques were used for climate characterization, Mann-Kendall test for trend analysis, Pettitt test for series homogeneity analysis, and the Kringing interpolation method for spatialization of heat islands in the urban perimeter. The organization and the statistical and geostatistical treatments of the data showed that the maximum and minimum air temperatures showed an increasing trend and were statistically significant while the rainfall varied within what is considered usual, with no significant trend. The results of the homogeneity tests made it possible to verify breaks in the data that occurred in the mid and late 1990s and in 2000. The spatialization of air temperature collected in the urban area of the city showed the formation of heat islands of high magnitude in Coari. We conclude that studies like this are important to elucidate structural problems that place inhabitants of the same city in conditions of distinct climatic risk and can also subsidize infrastructure interventions that aim to improve the overall environmental quality of Amazonian cities.