Espacialização sazonal das variáveis climáticas no Amazonas

Abstract

The set of data on climatic variables constitutes one of the fundamental bases for research involving climatology and meteorology. These data offer a series of primary information that, based on different scientific methods, can be analyzed and discussed. The term "climate" can be used to refer to the average atmospheric conditions in a given region. Although it directly influences a large proportion of human activities, there are still significant uncertainties regarding our understanding of complex regional climate dynamics, which are in part due to the lack of observational data. The objective of the present study was to identify the seasonality of climatic variables in the state of Amazonas. Precipitation and air temperature data come from the Climate Prediction Center (CPC). For this, data from the reanalysis of the Center for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) were used, for the period of climatological normal from 1990-2020. For data processing, the NCAR Command Language (NCL) software was used. After obtaining the data, maps were generated with the averages to evaluate the space-seasonal variation of climatic variables in the state of Amazonas. The climatological normal of precipitation had a deficit of rain in the central and southern Amazonian mesoregions due to the general circulation of the atmosphere, altitude, latitude, the nature of the surface and the hydrological cycle. Relative air humidity had its minimum averages observed in the southern and central Amazonian mesoregions. The maximum mean values of air temperature were noticed more intensely in the central and southern Amazonian mesoregions. Finally, the climatic pattern recorded in the state of Amazonas shows spatial and temporal seasonality of climatic variables.