Estudo das operações fundamentais com o Material Dourado sob a perspectiva da Resolução de Problemas

Abstract

Year after year, external surveys show the deficits suffered in Brazilian education and discuss the difficulties presented by students in public schools, pointing out that one of these difficulties is from the base, that is, the fundamental operations. In this context, in our qualitative research, we aim to understand the contributions of the Golden Material in the teaching and learning process of fundamental operations from the perspective of Problem Solving. For this, we took as a reference the script proposed by the Working Group and Studies in Problem Solving - GTERP and making use of this and the Golden Material, we worked in three meetings on the fundamental operations through contextualized problems with students of the 6th year of elementary school from a state public school in the municipality of Humaitá - AM. For the composition of our research data, we collected dialogues, video recordings, photographic and written records of the answers prepared by the students. The analysis of these data showed that the Golden Material combined with Problem Solving can contribute to the teaching and learning process of operations, enabling the understanding of procedures, the learning of concepts and meanings, the development of autonomy, new knowledge and the expansion of view that students already have about these contents. In addition, it highlighted the importance of the teacher being well prepared when using problem solving as a way of working on mathematical content, because at the time of activities there may be situations that need their intervention as a motivator and/or mediator.