Avaliação das alternativas locacionais para implantação de aterro sanitário em Manacapuru/AM

Abstract

The proper management of solid waste (SW) is one of the main global challenges, requiring sustainable and integrated solutions to reduce environmental impacts from the final disposal of urban solid waste. In light of this, the choice of an environmentally appropriate area for the disposal of urban solid waste becomes evident, and one such solution is the construction of sanitary landfills. In the municipality of Manacapuru/AM, there is a growing demand for a suitable location for the final disposal of solid waste due to population growth and increased waste production, while the municipality still relies on open dumps as the final waste disposal method. Given this context, this study aimed to identify suitable areas for the implementation of a sanitary landfill in Manacapuru/AM using geoprocessing techniques in accordance with current environmental regulations. For this, it was necessary to calculate and define the minimum area required for the construction of a landfill, considering a 20-year lifespan for the municipal sanitary landfill (from 2024 to 2044), and to establish restrictive criteria for the area selection process suitable for the installation of a sanitary landfill. Subsequently, Boolean logic was applied to create thematic maps for each restrictive criterion, which served as the basis for indicating a location for the landfill implementation. The urban population of the municipality of Manacapuru by the year 2044, considering a landfill with a 20-year lifespan, was estimated at 103,409 inhabitants, and the total volume of waste to be generated over the 20 years was calculated at 2,082,203 m³. Based on the calculated total volume and with the waste layer height set at 30m, an area of at least 6.94 hectares was required for the installation of the sanitary landfill. This area meets the minimum recommended by NBR 13896 of 1997 (ABNT, 1997). Thus, it is evident that the application of geoprocessing tools in the process of selecting areas with potential for sanitary landfill installation proved to be an efficient tool.