Mineração na Amazônia: análise das percepções sobre a exploração de potássio em Autazes

Abstract

The municipality of Autazes, located in the interior of the state of Amazonas, has begun to receive surveys for the extraction of a potassium ore deposit. This study aimed to compare different perceptions regarding mining activity in Autazes, Amazonas. Methodologically, questionnaires were administered to four individuals involved in the mining project in Autazes, assessing the most relevant impacts for the interviewees and analyzing the proposals presented by the Sustainable Autazes Project for the mitigation or maximization of these impacts, which were examined through literature studies to discuss the performance of the proposed measures. A questionnaire was also applied to gather the opinions of the city's residents about the impacts that will be generated by mining. The research found that both the individuals involved in the project and the general population identified the "economy and income" category as having the highest frequency of impacts, encompassing both positive and negative aspects. On the other hand, the "environment, safety, and population growth" category revealed the highest incidence of adverse impacts, according to the respondents' opinions. Regarding the issues and benefits presented by those involved, the Sustainable Autazes Project proposed satisfactory measures for environmental preservation and social development in Autazes, but these measures require effective implementation and coordination. Therefore, it is concluded that the different interviewed groups share the common expectation of economic improvement, as well as concern about environmental and social problems resulting from mining. The mitigating measures presented by the Sustainable Autazes Project have proven effective in addressing most of these concerns.