Mulheres no ensino superior em Parintins-am: desafios e estratégias de permanência em uma Universidade pública

Abstract

This work is a study that aims to deal with the gender issue from the perspective of women as multiple subjects in contemporary society, more specifically about their mishaps in higher education, their challenges, and strategies for permanence in public higher education at ICSEZ. However, before getting to the heart of the problem under discussion, it was necessary to study the historical context regarding women in education, the issue of gender and its insertion in basic education and higher education, the Student Assistance Policies in Brazil and in ICSEZ and only then arrive at challenges and strategies that a woman faces for her permanence in public higher education at a Public University in Parintins-Am. The interest in the research theme arose from daily concerns sharpened by the preponderantly patriarchal social dynamics, the search for a better understanding of women as female subjects, and the burden they face due to the division of women. This is a predominately masculine and sexist dynamic. We have as anchor the Materialism-Historical-Dialectical method because it is a study that aims to scrutinize and unveil an apparent social reality, starting from a veiled assumption of the refractions of the "social question. We also have as anchor of this research the Bibliographic Research, in which research was done in books, theses and the like, on the theme of gender and education; Field Research and Documentary Research, where, successively, samples were collected in the last research, quantitative data from the Academic Coordination of ICSEZ were consulted with gender distinction, in order to verify if there is a discrepancy in the number of freshmen, graduates and evaders by gender, and documentary data from the Division of Social Work of ICSEZ were also analyzed. For the application of the field research, the instrument used called a semi-structured blended questionnaire, supported by the qualitative perspective and data analysis under the focus of historical-dialectical materialism. As the locus of the research we have the Institute of Social Sciences, Education and Animal Science (ICSEZ), a unit of the Federal University of Amazonas headquartered in the municipality of Parintins-Am, in the interior of the State of Amazonas. Through the research in question, we came to the conclusion that, the largest the challenges and difficulties that women students at ICSEZ face are: socioeconomic vulnerability; psychic suffering; difficulties in better managing time due to having to divide themselves between numerous functions at the same time, as a result of the discrepancy between genders, which overloads the female gender more than the male gender. But in contrast to these challenges, women adopt strategies and motivations such as: studying at night; To stay up all night, to adopt motivations that it is through education that it is possible to change the personal and professional reality.