Práticas didáticas no ensino de Física : um estado do conhecimento relacionado aos conteúdos de acústica no ensino médio e superior público

Abstract

Acoustics is a fundamental discipline of Physics, dedicated to the study of sound waves and their various applications in our daily lives; from music produced by instruments to communication through radio and human speech. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that acoustics is also addressed in secondary and higher education courses, both in public and private institutions. Therefore, knowing what has been researched on the subject is of utmost importance. Thus, the general objective of this article is to map scientific papers related to the methodologies used in the teaching and learning of acoustic content in secondary and higher education institutions, published from 2014 to 2023. Given the following problem: "What are the contributions behind the main didactic and experimental methodologies applied to acoustic content in secondary and higher education?" For this, we used the state of knowledge as a methodological procedure, a qualitative approach, and exploratory research of a basic nature. We conducted a search on the SCIELO platform from 2014 to 2023, resulting in the location of nine (9) scientific articles related to the topic. However, the works found suggest the implementation of activities in laboratories that involve experimental setups using the guitar, tubes, and software. Furthermore, they also emphasize the importance of exploring the relationship between theory and practice, allowing students to apply mathematical concepts related to acoustics. We conclude that the lack of specific didactic and methodological approaches to teaching acoustics in secondary education is an issue that can be improved. Many phenomena involving sound waves require technologies to be demonstrated. Therefore, we consider it crucial to encourage research and the development of didactic materials that assist in the teaching of acoustics in secondary and higher education.