Agrobiodiversidade em quintais agroflorestais(QAFs) urbanos, em Benjamin Constant- AM, Amazônia Brasileira.

Abstract

The aim of this research was to carry out a survey of animal and plant agrobiodiversity in two urban agroforestry backyards in the municipality of Benjamin Constant - AM, Alto Solimões, on the Brazil-Peru-Colombia border. To this end, we opted for an exploratory, participatory, selfnarrative, descriptive and qualitative case study. In the Sá family's first backyard, 50 plant species were identified, with fruit trees and medicinal plants being prevalent. Some of these species arealso considered to have multiple uses by the family, such as the mango tree and the jenipapeiro. The presence of small domestic animals was also noted, particularly birds and chelonians, both of which are used to feed their keepers. In the Santos family's second backyard, 25 plant species and 3 species of domestic animal were found. The plant species that stood out the most were the açaizeiro (Euterpe precatoria), and in second place the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera), considering the two backyards investigated. It is clear that the diversification of cultivated plants and the presence of domestic animals, especially birds, common in both backyards, contribute to the food and nutritional security of their keepers. The two backyards also perform relevant ecosystem functions and services, mainly in terms of providing food and medicinal resources. It should be emphasised that medicinal plants are fundamental in the primary health treatment of families, and are used based on traditional knowledge associated with the secondary metabolites present in their different botanical structures. It was noted that agroforestry backyards also conserve in situ/on farm agrobiodiversity of various plant species, both native and cultivated. Finally, considering the multifunctionality and importance of the UABs, specifically in Benjamin Constant-AM, further studies from a systemic and holistic perspective of these agroecosystems are recommended.