Racismo, violência estatal e resistência: reflexões para psicologia na construção de novas subjetividades para a população negra periférica

Abstract

The State, throughout history, has been structured as an entity that, at different times, exercises coercive practices, often directed at specific groups. These actions reflect and perpetuate social inequalities, highlighting the relationship between state power and exclusionary structures that shape the dynamics of access to rights and resources in the country. Thus, at different times, the State emerges as an imposing authority superior to the conflicting social classes, operating to protect the interests of the dominant class, which results in an unfair attribution of problems of violence to marginalized individuals, while ignoring the underlying structural causes. In Brazil, the myth of racial democracy covers up the veiled racism that perpetuates inequalities, especially evident in the high homicide rates among young black people and in the lack of access to basic services such as access to mental health services. This literature review has the general objective of analyzing the psychosocial consequences of state violence, manifested in forms such as incarceration, homicides and processes of marginalization. To this end, the specific objectives are to formulate critical reflections that contribute to the prevention of this violence, to deepen the understanding of its impacts on individuals and affected communities, and to identify possible contributions from psychology to mitigate the effects of this dynamic, with reflections on equity and respect for the human rights of populations affected by state violence.