Estudo fitoquímico e atividade biológica do extrato aquoso de Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae)

Abstract

The Bignoniaceae family is characterized by the presence of secondary metabolites. Genera such as Arrabidaea are known for their chemical and biological composition, with emphasis on the species Arrabidaea chica (crajirú). The present study aimed to perform a phytochemical study and evaluate the antioxidant and allelopathic activity of the aqueous extract of A. chica leaves. The material was collected in Itacoatiara-AM and dried to obtain aqueous extract (EA Ac). A phytochemical test was performed to identify flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenes and alkaloids, followed by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH•, ABTS•+ and FRAP methods, and total phenolics. Allelopathic tests verified the impact of EA-Ac (1% and 0.1%) on the germination and growth of lettuce seeds. The prospecting identified flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and alkaloids, confirmed by spectrophotometry. Against DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals, it presented antioxidant activity of 936.66 ± 0.028 and 1106.66 ± 0.005 µM ET, reducing power of 1636.49 ± 0.02 µM Fe2+/g and total phenolics 188.20 ± 0.038 mg EAG g-1. The extract positively influenced lettuce germination, with 1% accelerating germination, while 0.1% promoted greater root growth. This study highlights the functional and biological value of A. chica, evidencing its potential for applications in health and agriculture