Dinâmica populacional de Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) em cultivares híbridas de café canéfora no Sul do Amazonas

Abstract

Coffee, one of the most important agricultural crops in the world, faces significant challenges related to pests, with the coffee berry borer (H. hampei) being one of the most damaging. The main objective of the work was to evaluate the population dynamics of this insect in the region, specifically considering the influence of temperature, radiation, humidity and precipitation, as well as its relationship with the phenological phases of coffee, to identify critical periods and support integrated management strategies. The study was conducted at the Mangabeira Experimental Farm, in Humaitá-AM, between August 2023 and July 2024. Monthly, 24 traps made of red PET bottles, containing ethanol and methanol attractants (1:1), were installed with a spacing of 15 x 15 m. The results showed that the highest population peak occurred in September 2023, with an average of 43 individuals captured, coinciding with the coffee flowering phase. The analysis indicated that H. Hampei is more abundant in periods of low rainfall and high temperatures, such as in the months of September and October 2023, with average temperatures above 28 ºC and relative humidity around 72%. Periods of high rainfall and humidity, such as January to April 2024, were associated with a population reduction, suggesting that rainfall limits the development of the pest, together with the phenological phase of coffee in which the fruits are in grain formation. The data highlight the importance of continuous monitoring and the integration of methods for the sustainable management of the coffee berry borer.