Evolução do desenvolvimento humano dos municípios do Amazonas entre 2005 a 2016.

Abstract

This study analyzes the evolution of human development in the municipalities of Amazonas from 2005 to 2016, using the FIRJAN Municipal Development Index (IFDM). The objective is to assess how regional inequalities influence development patterns in the state. The analysis compares Amazonas’ state average with its mesoregions and contrasts these findings with the national average (excluding Amazonas) to avoid distortions. The findings highlight significant challenges in health, education, and employment & income, with most municipalities classified in "vicious circles of underdevelopment" (CVic). These difficulties are exacerbated by geographical isolation, economic dependence on primary activities, and concentrated investments in the capital, Manaus. Exceptions such as Presidente Figueiredo, Manaus, and Itacoatiara demonstrate more robust economic growth but still experience fluctuations in social indicators. The data reveal that economic growth linked to the Manaus Free Trade Zone was insufficient to achieve comprehensive and equitable human development. While there have been occasional improvements in health and education, structural deficits persist in the interior municipalities. Nationally, Amazonas underperforms in all dimensions analyzed, underscoring its developmental disparities. This study emphasizes the need for integrated policies that address infrastructure, education, health, and economic diversification to foster sustainable development and mitigate inequalities. By integrating economic and locational theories, the analysis provides insights into human development dynamics in the Amazon and offers guidance for designing more effective public policies.