Determinação dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos da água de abastecimento na cidade de Humaitá-AM

Abstract

The growing demand for drinking water has intensified the exploitation of groundwater resources, which represent an important source of public supply in both urban and rural areas. Considering that all water intended for human consumption must undergo quality control and monitoring, this study evaluated the water quality supplying the neighborhoods of São Pedro, Nova Humaitá, and Nova Esperança, in the municipality of Humaitá-AM, using the Water Quality Index (WQI) adapted by CETESB. Sampling was carried out at six points (wells and residences) during the rainy season of 2019 and 2023. Physical parameters (temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids), chemical parameters (dissolved oxygen, BOD₅, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, pH), and microbiological parameters (total and thermotolerant coliforms) were analyzed and compared with the limits established by Ordinance GM/MS No. 888/2021 and CONAMA Resolutions No. 357/2005 and No. 396/2008. In 2019, some parameters were found to be noncompliant, while in 2023 a significant improvement in water quality was observed, with reduced organic load and absence of microbiological contamination. It is concluded that the groundwater supply system of Humaitá-AM presents good potability conditions, reflecting progress in the local monitoring and management of water resources.