Vigilância em saúde e educação sobre Síndrome Diarreica ou DDA – Doenças Diarreicas Agudas no município de Itacoatiara-Amazonas

Abstract

Acute diarrheal disease (ADD) is characterized by the sudden onset of diarrhea, and is highly relevant due to its significant impact on public health, being one of the leading causes of infant mortality. Data collection was primarily carried out in the Health Surveillance department of the municipality of Itacoatiara, Amazonas. The registered notifications encompass the urban and rural areas of the municipality, during the study period from 2021 to 2024. The epidemiological data collected were compared using epidemiological statistical analysis, adopting a significance level of p<0.05. There was a significant difference between the years studied. The year 2021 presented a total of 5,440 notified cases (mean=453.3), 2022 a total of 5,974 (mean=497.8), 2023, 8,023 (mean=668.5) and 2024, 7,777 (mean=633). The most affected individuals are those aged 10 years or older. Possible explanations for these significant differences are multiple and often interconnected, ranging from inadequate water storage and poor sanitation to lapses in hygiene practices, with a direct temporal relationship to the region's hydrological regime. Therefore, understanding the epidemiological data on acute diarrheal diseases is fundamental for reasons including outbreak identification, resource planning, health policies, and trend monitoring, providing quality of life and cost reduction in the public health system.