Integração da metodologia BIM aos processos de avaliação da sustentabilidade em projetos de construção

Abstract

This research aims to apply the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology to support sustainability assessment processes in civil construction. Given the significant environmental impacts associated with the sector, it is necessary to adopt more efficient and integrated practices from the initial stages of the project. In this context, BIM is understood as a methodology that organizes workflows and integrates different technological tools, allowing the centralization of information throughout the building's life cycle, including performance simulations and environmental analyses. The case study was developed from the modeling, in a BIM environment (Revit®), of a key constructive component, the external wall with window frame, comparing a conventional scenario and a sustainable one. The sustainable strategies incorporated the use of alternative materials and, in a complementary way, the modeling of the photovoltaic and rainwater systems to assess their influence on the operational performance of the residence. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was performed using the Tally® plugin, a tool integrated into Revit®, which allowed for the estimation of the environmental impacts of the materials used in each scenario. The results demonstrated significant reductions in the environmental impacts of the sustainable wall, especially in the categories of Global Warming Potential and Eutrophication, although some differences were limited by the use of an international database. In the operational phase, a relevant improvement was observed in financial performance and resource consumption, with a reduction in electricity costs after the implementation of the photovoltaic system and a decrease in potable water consumption with the rainwater harvesting system. It is concluded that BIM, by integrating processes and tools such as Revit® and Tally®, constitutes a structuring approach to support design decisions focused on sustainability, allowing for more precise analyses aligned with the contemporary demands of the construction industry.