Análise comparativa entre lajes maciças de concreto armado e lajes treliçadas unidirecionais

Abstract

In recent years, construction costs in Brazil have increased significantly, directly affecting the execution of residential buildings. According to data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2025), the national construction cost per square meter rose from R$ 1,818.64 in April to R$ 1,826.53 in May, reflecting higher expenses related to construction materials, especially reinforced concrete, which is widely used in slab construction. Traditionally, solid slabs are employed; however, alternatives such as one way trussed slabs have increasingly been adopted as viable options. In this context, the present study aims to compare both structural systems by analyzing concrete and steel consumption, resulting deflection, and financial impacts. For this purpose, the slabs located on the upper floor of two single-family residences with identical dimensions were designed, differing only in slab type, which allowed for measurement and comparison of the results obtained. The calculations showed that one-way trussed slabs require 29% less concrete volume compared to solid slabs of the same dimensions; however, they present a 2.46% increase in costs related to steel weight and greater deformation due to their structural behavior, which resembles that of independent beams. Overall, the study demonstrated a 22% cost reduction between the types of slabs used.