Análise espaço-temporal da mortalidade por HIV/Aids no estado do Amazonas

Abstract

Introduction: Even with antiretroviral treatment, HIV/AIDS still presents high rates, including 40.8 million infected in 2024. Brazil leads in cases in Latin America, and the Northern Region concentrates high rates. The state of Amazonas maintains high detection and mortality rates. Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of HIV/AIDS mortality in the State of Amazonas between the years 2010 and 2021. Methods: Ecological study based on mortality data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of DATASUS. Results: Between 2010 and 2021, a total of 3,499 deaths were recorded due to HIV-related causes, with the highest incidence in 2021 (10.17%). Men (71.1%), people aged 30-39 years (33.8%), of mixed race/color (78.6%), and single individuals (72.1%) were the most affected, with the majority of deaths occurring in hospitals (92.9%). Manaus and Iranduba presented the highest mortality rates. Discussion: The increase in mortality in 2021 is possibly related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which hampered access to healthcare and adherence to treatment. The predominance of mortality in certain groups reflects socioeconomic barriers and inequalities. Variations between municipalities, with Manaus and Iranduba showing the highest rates, are partly due to the concentration of specialized services in the capital. Municipalities in the interior also face difficulties, highlighting structural challenges and the need for prevention and care strategies. Conclusion: There is a need to expand preventive actions, information campaigns, and strengthen epidemiological surveillance. Improving access to health services and implementing more effective therapeutic strategies is fundamental to reducing mortality and raising the quality of life of affected individuals.