Desenvolvimento de um sistema IoT para monitoramento de presença com ESP32-CAM e validação por simulação de evento

Abstract

This work presents the development and validation of a monitoring system using Internet of Things (IoT) concepts through the ESP32-CAM module, integrated with a REST API, an SQLite database, and a web interface for event visualization. The system includes its own configuration access point, allowing network and server settings to be adjusted without reflashing the firmware. The main objective was to build a functional and accessible pipeline capable of demonstrating the complete IoT cycle in operation. During early testing, the ESP32-CAM showed instability when using the PIR sensor simultaneously with the Wi-Fi module and the camera, which led to replacing the detection input with a push button. This allowed the rest of the architecture to be validated without compromising the scope of the project. The methodology included modular implementation of the firmware, backend, and frontend, followed by individual and integrated testing. The results show that the system remained stable, correctly stored the thirty most recent events, captured images consistently, and displayed the data clearly through the web interface. It is concluded that the prototype fulfills its purpose, demonstrating a complete and replicable IoT pipeline, although with limitations in the physical detection stage.