Desenvolvimento de impressora 3D com cinemática cartesiana tipo bed slinger baseada na arquitetura Prusa i3 de baixo custo

Abstract

This work presents the development of a low-cost 3D printer based on Cartesian bed-slinger kinematics and the Prusa i3 Open-Source architecture. The project is justified by the growing demand for affordable prototyping tools and by the need to overcome the limitations of entry-level commercial models. The methodology comprised the selection of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components, such as the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller coupled with the RAMPS interface, and the implementation of a Direct Drive extrusion system. To ensure thermal stability and electronic integrity, an external power module (MOSFET) and the Marlin 1.1.9 firmware were used, optimized for 8-bit hardware. The results demonstrate that the developed machine offers greater scope for improvement and the implementation of new ideas than several commercial models in the same category, with a total construction cost of approximately R\$ 1,561.76. It is concluded that the prototype is a technically viable and economically advantageous solution, providing modularity and ease of maintenance for additive manufacturing applications.