Infraestrutura e desenvolvimento regional na Amazônia: o papel dos investimentos em transporte na redução de desigualdades econômicas

Abstract

This work analyzes the relationship between transport infrastructure and regional development in the Amazon, focusing on inequalities and institutional planning capacities. To this end, we ground the discussion in classic and contemporary approaches focusing on regional, endogenous, and local development based on Amazonian sustainability. This study argues that infrastructure is not merely physical provision, but an inducer of socioeconomic transformation when articulated with governance, financing, intermodality, and social participation. Methodologically, we have a qualitative, documentary, and bibliographic research with content analysis and a phenomenological approach, examining structuring works of the last two decades, such as the Rio Negro Bridge, the Madeira-Amazonas Axis of the Northern Arc, and the Manaus Free Trade Zone. The Regional Development Plan for the Amazon (PRDA 2024- 2027) stands out as a strategic institutional framework, integrating axes of logistics, productive inclusion, multilevel governance, monitoring through indicators, and socio-environmental safeguards. The results indicate that isolated projects generate localized and temporary gains, while lasting effects depend on federal coordination, impact assessment, and modal integration. Therefore, any type of project to be carried out in the Amazon requires adequate and sustainable planning in order to integrate multimodal transport. Furthermore, the Amazonian environment requires firm actions focused on regional sustainable development.