Aptidão física relacionada à saúde e ao desempenho de adolescentes participantes de um projeto comunitário de futebol no bairro Itaúna II, em Parintins-AM

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the health-related and performance-related physical fitness of adolescents participating in the university extension project "Football in the Community ". To this end, the sample consisted of male 24 adolescents, aged 14 to 16 years, residing in the peripheral neighborhood of Itaúna II, in the city of ParintinsAM. From a methodological point of view, anthropometric measurements of body mass and height were performed to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI). Additionally, motor fitness tests were applied following the protocol of the Brazilian Sports Project (PROESP-BR) to measure aerobic endurance (6-minute run), flexibility (sit and reach), strength and muscular endurance (1-minute sit-ups), explosive strength of upper limbs (2kg medicine ball throw) and lower limbs (horizontal jump), speed (20m sprint), and agility (4x4m square test). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, 6 with performances classified according to the reference tables of the adopted protocol. The results revealed that the majority of the sample presented a weight deficit, with 55.6% of subjects classified with a BMI "below normal" and 44.4% in the "normal" range. Regarding motor performance, health-related variables showed positive results, with the "good" classification predominating in flexibility (50%) and aerobic endurance (38.9%). Conversely, the physical capacities essential for sports performance showed significant deficits, with the "weak" classification predominating in upper limb strength (72.2%), speed (72.2%), lower limb strength (66.7%), agility (50%), and muscle strength/endurance (33.3%). It is concluded that, considering the conditions of social vulnerability of the adolescents investigated, there is a clear need for specific training plans for soccer that seek to improve neuromuscular attributes, respecting the characteristics of the target population. The study also highlights the urgent need for public policies that support social sports projects in the region, ensuring structural support, family follow-up, and nutritional support, in order to consolidate these initiatives as genuine drivers of leisure, health, and education.