Caracterização mineralógica de terra preta da comunidade de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré, em Parintins, Amazonas, Brasil

Abstract

The Archaeological Dark Earth (ADE) is a fertile soil with a dark coloration, attributed to the human occupation of ancient peoples who inhabited the Amazon. The objective of this study is to determine the soil fertility in the Archaeological Dark Earth of the Nossa Senhora de Nazaré community (ADENSNC), in the Zé Açú lake region, Parintins-AM, Brazil. ADENSNC samples were collected at a depth of 0-20 cm, air-dried at room temperature, manually disaggregated with the aid of a wooden roller, and separated through 2.0 mm mesh sieves for grain size determination, mineralogy through X-ray diffraction (XRD), pH, Organic Matter (MO), K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, Al, H+Al (potential acidity). The results showed that ADENSNC has average active acidity, very low Al content and Al saturation (m), average organic matter content, potential acidity, Mg, K, and base saturation (V), high Ca and P content, good sum of bases (SB) content, cation exchange capacity at pH 7 (T), and effective cation exchange capacity (t). XRD showed mainly the predominant presence of kaolinite and quartz. The obtained results of the studied soil parameters of ADENSNC, in the Zé Açú lake region, Parintins-AM, characterize it as a soil with fertility properties that can be used for the development of sustainable systems by the local community.