Desenvolvimento de variedades de Rosa-do-deserto (Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem & Schult), em diferentes substratos

Abstract

The interest in desert roses (Adenium obesum) has been growing due to their ornamental capacity, used for indoor and outdoor decorations, promoting a great prominence in the domestic market. One of the main difficulties regarding the production of these plants is the lack of agronomic information. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of desert rose (A. obesum) varieties in different substrates. Three types of substrates were used: soil+sand, green life commercial substrate (pine bark, ammonium nitrate, simple superphosphate, charcoal, calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate) and carolina soil commercial substrate (sphagnum peat, expanded perlite, vermiculite and roasted rice husk), and 3 varieties of desert rose: doubled, simple and special. The design used was an entirely randomized design in a 3x3 factorial scheme (3 levels of substrate and 3 levels of seeds), with 5 repetitions, totaling 45 sampling units. Watering occurred 2 to 3 times a day. After germination, the following parameters were checked: germination percentage, diameter, and seedling height. The data were submitted to variance analysis and statistical analysis, using the IBMM SPSS Statistcs software. The substrates showed significant differences at 5% significance. There was no interaction between substrate and varieties. The treatment that presented the best seedling development in relation to germination, height and diameter was Carolina soil substrate. The use of commercial substrate is suitable for production of desert rose seedlings, because it provides high values of germination and growth.