Adição de cinzas provenientes de forno cerâmico para aplicação na formulação de massa cerâmica para revestimento

Abstract

The volume composed here presents an investigative effort in order to understand what effects the addition of amazonian wood ash can proportionate to ceramic masses for use in tiling, especially porcelain tiles. The Amazon has a production center of ceramics for utilitarian purposes in the form of its brick yards. This industry still uses a large amount of energy in the form of burning wood to cook the ceramic blocks, generating side effects to the environment. In order to present ideas based on circular economy, propose new possibilities for the state economy in the form of production of value-added consumer goods and study the feasibility of recycling waste, a study of the production of ceramic tiles with addition of ash. Six formulas were made with 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% added ash, with the initial formula serving as a comparison parameter, the addition of ash was done together with the reduction of the composition of quartz of the initial triaxial mass (clay, feldspar, quartz). The specimens were compacted in a uniaxial matrix measuring 6x2x0.5 cm, received a pressure equivalent to 45 MPa and were humidified at 10% water content. Physical-chemical tests were carried out in the form of X-Ray Fluorescence, X-Ray Diffraction, TG/DSC and granulometric analysis. The specimens were fired at 1090°C, 1120°C, 1150°C and 1180°C and had their technological properties: linear shrinkage, apparent specific mass, water absorption, apparent porosity and flexural rupture stress analyzed. The results show that ashes have beneficial effects in the manufacture of triaxial masses, their addition in ceramic masses for tiling is technically feasible and their inclusion can generate slabs with properties equivalent to those of products with high added value, with technological values reaching optimal indices of 7.688 (±0.098) % in Linear Retraction, 0.304 (±0.113) % in Apparent Absortion, 0.593 (±0.241) % in Apparent Porosity, 33.689 (±2.189) MPa in Flexural Strength and 2.281g/cm³ (±0.061) in MEAq. Values corresponding to the porcelain and stoneware categories in accordance with national and international standards. The execution of the experiment in low-cost scenarios is possible, but small design adjustments must be made to optimize the proposal.