Estudo comparativo sobre os tipos de autocicatrização do concreto

Abstract

Structural reinforced concrete is a product used in civil construction, which has high compressive strength compared to other products applied in construction. Due to this fact, it is presented in this paper studies carried out for the development of more durable structural concretes with greater compressive strength among other desirable requirements. It is also analyzed that the costs with maintenance of the concrete when not foreseen, can reach values that will possibly make the work financially impracticable. It is exposed that the maintenance of buildings is linked to cracks that arise from problems in the process of dosing, applying and curing concrete. As a way to soften the problems with maintenance related to cracks, technologies were developed that help in the self-regeneration of structural concrete since this material has healing properties called autogenous healing. It is explained that this type of healing occurs due to physical, chemical and mechanical causes that allow gaps to be closed without human interference. It is also described that in order to improve the performance of the concrete in cracks repairment more quickly, other elements were introduced into the initial concrete mix, giving rise to autonomous healing. This last one has several research streams from which it is possible to obtain studies that prove the efficiency of certain methods used to help the self-cure of the concrete. In this research three distinct self-healing methods were presented and correlated in order to show points of convergence and divergence between them, also showing the benifs and harms of each method. The results offer some reflections for further studies aiming to obtain a more accessible and economical method or even to improve existing methods.