Síntese e caracterização de hidroxiapatita provida da escama do pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) dopada com titânia para aplicação em regeneração óssea como Scaffold

Abstract

Biomaterials are substances or even a set of substances, which can be classified as synthetic or natural, which have the capacity to be used partially as a treatment system, replacement of tissues and functional parts of the human body or even organs (HASHIM, 2020). Considered a ceramic material, belonging to the class of bioceramics, hydroxyapatite can be produced by synthetic means, where it has high corrosion resistance and is characterized as a bioactive material, thus being able to be equivalent to the chemistry of bone matrix, causing its substances to interact and end up in bonds with the body's natural hydroxyapatite, inducing osseointegration through its high compatibility with living bone tissue, which generates a regeneration of the host bone tissue (JANGA, 2018). Titania is present as a layer on the surface of pure commercial titanium, used as a base in the vast majority of implants, which forms spontaneously, which makes it difficult for the tissue to interact with the material. It is necessary that an implant has a structural surface that presents roughness and pores, which not only serves to guarantee mechanical properties to the bone, but also for osseointegration to occur. Therefore, studies seek this desired structure for the bone surface, adding titania in a reactively larger layer, thus resulting in the discovery of biological properties of the material that can be added to HAp, becoming a biomaterial (MASAKAZU, 2018). The purpose of the research with hydroxyapatite is to concatenate methodologies for the synthesis and characterization of powders provided with natural hydroxyapatite, obtained from scales of Arapaima gigas (Pirarucu), being relatively altered with titania. Keeping the focus also on the investigation of the obtained substance, with the intention of creating a bioceramic with probable technological effects in regional and national industries, adding value to the residues of the fishing industry and increasing the possibility of the substance's medical use in the field of bone regeneration.