Características morfológicas e produtivas de cultivares de cafeeiro (Coffea canephora P.) no município do Apuí, sul do Amazonas

Abstract

Coffee is of great importance to the Brazilian economy, being considered one of the most important crops, since Brazil is considered the largest producer and exporter in the world, being among the most prominent Brazilian commodities. The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphological and productive characteristics of different coffee cultivars (Coffea canephora P.) in a nursery in southern Amazonas. Six clones from the following coffee cultivars, BRS 3137, BRS 2357, BRS 2336, BRS 2314, BRS 2299 and BRS 1216, from cultivars developed by Embrapa Rondônia, were evaluated. Evaluating morphological characteristics of great importance in productivity, such as: plant height; diameter of the orthotropic branch, number of pairs of plagiotropic branches, length of the 1st plagiotropic branch and number of nodes of the 1st plagiotropic branch. The experimental unit used was randomized blocks with six treatments and ten replications. The cultivars BRS 3137, BRS 2299 and BRS 2314 showed morphological superiority to the other cultivars. The growth of the plagiotropic branch occurs in a similar way in most of the analyzed cultivars. The cultivar BRS 2357 had statistically lower averages than the other cultivars observed. For the evaluation of productivity, beans were collected in kg of coffee in the cherry stage. There is great productive potential among the six cultivars evaluated in the southern region of the Amazon. For yield potential, cultivars BRS 2336 and BRS 2299 stood out in production. The cultivars BRS 2357 and BRS 2314 showed the lowest yield potential.